Part A: Translate the following passages from English into Chinese(two passages, each 25 points)

Passage 1 :

Can man be credited with choosing the right path when he knows only one?Can he be congratulated for his wise decision when only one judgment is possible? If he knows nothing of vice, is he to be praised for adhering to virtue?

Wisdom consists of the deliberate exercise of judgment; knowledge comes in the discrimination between those known alternatives. Weighing these alternatives is the way of maturity. Only then does man have the strength to follow his choice without wavering, since that choice is based firmly on knowledge rather than on an uncertain, dangerously shallow foundation of ignorance.

Passage 2 :

For many years the United States and other nations used gold and silver money. Paper money was used to stand for the holding of both silver and gold. The value of silver was limited to that of gold. Fifteen ounces of silver had the same value of one ounce of gold. These values didn’t change until after 1860 when mines in the west of the United States began to produce large amounts of silver. This extra amount of silver caused its price to fall. No longer would fifteen ounces of silver buy one ounce of gold. In 1871, Germany declared that it would no longer support its paper money with silver. Instead, it would use only gold. Other countries of Europe quickly did the same.

Part B: Translate the following passages from Chinese into English ( two passages, each 25 points )

Passage 1 :

西湖位于福州市区西北的卧龙山下，最初开挖于晋代。原用于排涝灌溉。五代时，闽王在湖滨建造御花园，号称“水晶宫”。1914年开始辟为公园，园区也随之扩大，面积比原来增加五倍以上。如今的西湖公园，以湖心开化屿为中心，有飞虹桥、步云桥、玉带桥等，与几个湖屿相连接，构成整体。

Passage 2 :

知识创新

知识的生命力在于创新，只有不断地创造出新的知识和技术，才能推动经济社会的快速发展。在新的世纪里，人才、文化、教育、经济和社会管理等因素在经济和社会发展中的作用日趋重要。只有在理论、科技方面不断进行改革创新，不断有新的创造和突破，才能为经济和社会发展注入新的生机和活力。

Compulsory Translation (必译题)

It was one of those days that the peasant fishermen on this tributary of the Amazon River dream about.

With water levels falling rapidly at the peak of the dry season, a giant school of bass, a tasty fish that fetches a good price at markets, was swimming right into the nets being cast from a dozen small canoes here.

“With a bit of luck, you can make $350 on a day like this,” Lauro Souza Almeida, a leader of the local fishermen’s cooperative, exulted as he moved into position. “That is a fortune for people like us,” he said, the equivalent of four months at the minimum wage earned by those fortunate enough to find work.

But hovering nearby was a large commercial fishing vessel, a “mother boat” equipped with large ice chests for storage and hauling more than a dozen smaller craft. The crew on board was just waiting for the remainder of the fish to move into the river’s main channel, where they intended to scoop up as many as they could with their efficient gill nets.

A symbol of abundance to the rest of the world, the Amazon is experiencing a crisis of overfishing. As stocks of the most popular species diminish to worrisome levels, tensions are growing between subsistence fishermen and their commercial rivals, who are eager to enrich their bottom line and satisfy the growing appetite for fish of city-dwellers in Brazil and abroad.

In response, peasants up and down the Amazon, here in Brazil and in neighboring countries like Peru, are forming cooperatives to control fish catches and restock their rivers and lakes. But that effort, increasingly successful, has only encouraged the commercial fishing operations, as well as some of the peasants’ less disciplined neighbors, to step up their depredations.

“The industrial fishing boats, the big 20- to 30-ton vessels, they have a different mentality than us artisanal fishermen, who have learned to take the protection of the environment into account,” said the president of the local fishermen’s union. “They want to sweep everything up with their dragnets and then move on, benefiting from our work and sacrifice and leaving us with nothing.”

在亚马逊河的这一支流上捕鱼的农民就希望遇上那天的情况。

旱季最缺水的时候，河面迅速下降，一大群鲈鱼正游进从十几只小船上撒下的网里。鲈鱼味道鲜美，能在市场上卖个好价钱。

“要是运气不错，赶上今天这种情况，就能挣350美元，”劳鲁•苏扎•阿尔梅达说道。他是当地渔民合作社的一位负责人。他一边兴高采烈地说着，一边摆好了架式准备干活。他说：“对我们这样的人来说，这可是一大笔钱呀。”因为就算一个人运气好，能找到工作，按最低工资计算，要四个月才能挣这么些钱。

然而就在不远的地方，有一只大型商业渔船在游弋，那是一只“母船”，备有巨大的储藏冰柜，，还拖着十几只小船。船员都在船上等候，等到剩余的鱼进入主河道以后，他们就用高效率的刺网进行捕捞，能捞多少，就捞多少。