据新兴欧洲2020年9月7日报道，根据智库Instrat受ClientEarth委托进行的一项研究表明，波兰罗兹省可能会成为欧盟转型资金公平供给机制的第二大受益者，获得资金用于煤炭区转型。

Poland’s ódzkie region could become Europe’s second largest beneficiary of funds from the European Union’s Just Transition Mechanism for the transformation of coal regions, according to experts from the think tank Instrat in a study commissioned by ClientEarth.

该报告指出，绿色投资可以创造61000个工作岗位，比目前在贝乌哈图夫电站采矿和燃煤行业就业人数多6倍。获得这些资金的条件是，罗兹省建立一个公正过渡区域计划，并且波兰政府承诺2050年前实现气候中和。

The report suggests that 61,000 jobs could be created by green investments, six times more than the current number of people employed in mining and lignite combustion at the Bechatów Power Plant. The funds can be acquired under the condition that the region establishes a Just Transition Territorial Plan and that the Polish government pledges to achieve climate neutrality by 2050.

"煤炭经济的支持者声称，结束燃煤将导致电厂和矿井出现大规模裁员潮。但恰恰相反，以贝乌哈图夫为例，绿色投资所创造的就业岗位比贝乌哈图夫发电厂和露天矿群目前雇用的员工多六倍"，该研究报告的共同作者Pawe Czyak解释说。"这个过程中的关键一步是政府宣布在 2050 年之前实现气候中和。如果没有这个承诺，公正过渡基金将减半，而贝乌哈图夫将失去 25000 个潜在的工作岗位，"Czyak 补充道。

“Supporters of the coal economy claim that ending coal combustion will result in a wave of mass layoffs in power plants and mines. It is quite the opposite – using the example of Bechatów, we show that green investments can generate up to six times more jobs than the Bechatów Power Plant and Open Pit-Mine Complex currently employs”, explains Pawe Czyak, a co-author of the study. “The key step in this process is the government’s declaration of achieving climate neutrality by 2050 – without it, funds for just transition will be halved, and Bechatów will lose 25,000 potential jobs,” adds Czyak.

罗兹省在2021-2027年期间有机会从欧洲基金中获得高达450亿兹罗提（约100亿欧元）的资金，其中包括来自转型资金公平供给机制的130亿兹罗提（30亿欧元）。如果波兰不承诺在2050年之前实现气候中和，它将只能动用一半资金。这笔资金与波兰自2004年加入欧盟以来分配给该区域的项目资金的总额相当。

The ódzkie region has a chance to obtain up to 45 billion zloty (around 10 billion euros) from European funds for the 2021-2027 period, including 13 billion zloty (three billion euros) from the Just Transition Mechanism. It will only be able to draw on half of these funds if Poland does not pledge to achieve climate neutrality by 2050. This amount is comparable to the total value of EU funds allocated to projects in the region since Poland joined the EU in 2004.

报告作者采用了欧盟智库联合研究中心的方法。

The report’s authors adopted the methodology of the Joint Research Centre, the European Commission’s think tank.

建筑物热能改造投资将带来最多的就业机会，多达25000个，大型光伏装置投资将带来19000个岗位，消费型太阳能和电动汽车电池生产投资分别带来6500个和4800个。如果有当地企业和国际金融机构等民间资金的参与，这些数字可以高出数倍。

The largest boost to jobs, as many as 25,000, will be generated by investments in the thermal retrofit of buildings, 19,000 at large photovoltaic installations, 6,500 in prosumer solar energy and 4,800 in the production of batteries for electric vehicles. With the involvement of private financing, both local businesses and international financial institutions, these numbers can be several times higher.

"私人投资者和国际发展机构的参与对于扩大贝乌哈图夫地区公正过渡的潜在利益至关重要，"报告的共同作者、Instrat公正过渡可持续融资研究项目负责人Katarzyna Szwarc指出。"公正过渡所需的资金是巨大的，但可以通过绿色和可持续债券或混合融资等工具获得。"

“The involvement of private investors and international development institutions will be crucial in scaling the potential benefits of the just transition in the Bechatów region,” notes Katarzyna Szwarc, co-author of the report and leader of the Sustainable Finance for Just Transition research programme  at Instrat. “The funding needed for a just transition is significant, but it can be obtained with instruments such as green and sustainable bonds or hybrid financing.”

欧盟转型资金公平供给机制和公正过渡基金的主要目标是创造就业和保持远离煤炭地区的经济潜力。财政援助根据三个标准进行分配：地区的温室气体排放量、工业和矿业就业岗位。

The main goal of the EU’s Just Transition Mechanism and the Just Transition Fund is to create jobs and maintain the economic potential of regions that move away from coal. Financial aid is allocated according to three criteria: the amount of greenhouse gas emissions in the region, employment in industry and employment in mining.